Leading Strand & Lagging Strand Double-stranded DNA consists of?two antiparallel strands?(oriented in opposite directions) During DNA replication, the two strands are ‘unzipped’ and DNA polymer...
Nucleosomes Unlike most prokaryotic DNA which is referred to as ‘naked’, eukaryotic nuclear DNA is associated with proteins called?histones?(to form?chromatin) Histones package the DNA into structu...
Male & Female Diagrams You should be able to?annotate diagrams?of the female and male?reproductive systems?to show the names of the different?structures You should also be able to recall the?fu...
Oestrogen & Progesterone During early development an embryo develops?embryonic?gonads?that will either become?ovaries?in females or?testes?in males The factor that determines whether the embryo...
按往年慣例，通常9月份開始，不同考區就開始陸續報名。科目選擇會讓不少學生糾結，好在CollegeBoard給出了“官方標準”，列舉了不同年級熱門報考科目。目前AP開設了22個門類，37個學科的AP課程。AP課程共有38門學科...
SRY Gene In?sexual reproduction?in?humans, a sperm from a male fuses with, or fertilises, an egg from a female to form a?zygote, which then develops into an?embryo To begin with the embryo develops...
William Harvey & Sexual Reproduction in Deer William Harvey (1578 - 1657) was an English?physician?who contributed greatly to our understanding of?anatomy?and?physiology He is mainly remembered...
Leptin Leptin?is a?hormone?that is secreted by fat storage cells known as?adipose cells The concentration of leptin in the blood is controlled by the?amount of adipose tissue?in the body As we eat ...
Insulin & Glucagon The pancreas is an organ found in the abdomen of mammals It functions as both an?endocrine gland?and an?exocrine gland Endocrine glands secrete hormones?directly?into the blo...
