Gel Electrophoresis Gel electrophoresis is used to separate proteins or fragments of DNA according to size Gel electrophoresis?is a technique used widely in the analysis of DNA, RNA, and proteins D...
Causes of Mutations A?mutation?is a change in the sequence of base pairs in a DNA molecule They occur?randomly?and?continuously?to create new alleles of a gene Often only with a very small number o...
Causes of Genetic Disease A gene can affect a?phenotype?of an organism A gene codes for a single polypeptide The polypeptide affects the phenotype through a particular mechanism The phenotype of an...
Constructing Punnett Grids A?monohybrid trait?is one that is controlled by only?one gene Generally, we consider that such a gene has?two alleles Either: one allele is dominant and the other is rece...
Segregation of Alleles Meiosis is a form of?nuclear division?that results in the?production of?haploid?cells?from diploid cells During meiosis a diploid cell will?divide twice?to form?four haploid ...
Mendel's Experiments Gregor Mendel?was an Austrian monk He was trained in mathematics and natural history at the University of Vienna In the mid-19th century, Mendel carried out breeding experiment...
Drawing the Stages of Meiosis Cells undergoing?meiosis?can be observed and photographed using specialized microscopes The different stages of meiosis have distinctive characteristics meaning they c...
Non-disjunction Non-disjunction?occurs when chromosomes fail to separate correctly during?meiosis This can occur in either anaphase I or anaphase II, leading to?gametes?forming with an?abnormal num...
Genetic Variation & Meiosis Crossing over and random orientation promote genetic variation Having?genetically different offspring?can be?advantageous?for natural selection and therefore increas...
