Edexcel IGCSE Geography 復習筆記 1.1.1 The Hydrological Cycle Characteristics of the Water Cycle The hydrological cycle is a?closed?system Water is constantly recycled through the system Within the...
Edexcel IGCSE Physics 復習筆記 8.3.3 Galactic Red-shift Galactic Red-shift The Doppler effect affects all types of waves, including?light Light emitted from stars and galaxies will be at a c...
Edexcel IGCSE Physics 復習筆記 8.3.2 Doppler Shift The Doppler Effect Usually, when an object emits waves, the wavefronts spread out?symmetrically If the wave source moves, the waves can bec...
Edexcel IGCSE Physics 復習筆記 8.3.1 The Big Bang Theory The Big Bang Theory Around?14 billion years ago,?the Universe began from a?very small region?that was?extremely hot?and?dense Then th...
Edexcel IGCSE Physics 復習筆記 8.2.5 Hertzsprung-Russell Diagrams Hertzsprung-Russell Diagrams Stars are classified using the Hertzsprung-Russell (HR) diagram This is a plot of: The?luminosi...
Edexcel IGCSE Physics 復習筆記 8.2.4 The Brightness of Stars Absolute Magnitude Astronomers measure the brightness of stars at a standard distance using the?absolute?magnitude scale This is ...
Edexcel IGCSE Physics 復習筆記 8.2.3 The Life Cycle of Larger Stars The Life Cycle of Larger Stars A?large star?is one that is much?larger?than the?Sun Stars that are larger than the Sun hav...
Edexcel IGCSE Physics 復習筆記 8.2.2 The Life Cycle of Solar Mass Stars The Life Cycle of Solar Mass Stars 1. Nebula All stars form from a giant cloud of?hydrogen gas?and?dust?called a?nebul...
Edexcel IGCSE Physics 復習筆記 8.2.1 Classification of Stars Classification of Stars Stars come in a wide range of sizes and colours, from yellow stars to red dwarfs, from blue giants to red...
