在之前的推文學(xué)術(shù) | 寫好新SAT作文必收藏，21種修辭手法及例句 （上）中，Vicky老師提到了掌握SAT修辭手法的重要性，并為大家介紹了10 個(gè)修辭手法及例句。本文中，將繼續(xù)介紹另外11個(gè)修辭手法及例句。希望能夠幫大家全面地拿下SAT寫作。

11.?Pun 雙關(guān)語

A pun is a joke that makes a play on words. A pun, also called paronomasia, uses words that have several meanings or words that sound similar but have different meanings.

雙關(guān)語，也被稱為文字游戲，采用具有多種含義或發(fā)音相似但意義不同的詞來表達(dá)笑料。

Example 例句：

??The two pianists had a good marriage. They always were in a chord.

兩位鋼琴家的婚姻美滿，他們總是很有共鳴。

??The lights were too bright at the Chinese restaurant so the manager decided to dim sum.

中國餐館的燈光太亮，經(jīng)理決定調(diào)暗光線。（dim the light=調(diào)暗燈光，dim sum=點(diǎn)心）

??I am reading a book about anti-gravity. it is impossible to put down.

我正在讀一本關(guān)于反地心引力的書，看得沒法放下。

12.?Parody 仿擬

Parody is an imitation of a particular writer, artist or a genre, exaggerating it deliberately to produce a comic effect. The humorous effect in parody is achieved by imitating and overstressing noticeable features of a famous piece of literature, as in caricatures, where certain peculiarities of a person are highlighted to achieve a humorous effect.

仿擬是對(duì)特定作家、藝術(shù)家或流派的模仿，故意夸大它以產(chǎn)生喜劇效果。這種幽默效果是通過模仿和過分強(qiáng)調(diào)文學(xué)作品的特點(diǎn)，比如漫畫會(huì)通過突出人的特點(diǎn)來達(dá)到幽默的效果。

Example 例句：

??Rome was not built in a day, nor in a year.

羅馬不是一天建成的，也不是一年建成的。（仿擬羅馬不是一天建成的）

??To smoke or not to smoke, that is a question.

吸煙還是不吸煙，這是個(gè)問題。（仿擬莎士比亞“To?be or not to be“）

??Fifty Shades of Chicken: A Parody in a Cookbook

五十種顏色的雞肉：食譜界惡搞著名電影《五十度灰》

13.?Rhetorical Question 修辭疑問

A rhetorical question is a question that you ask without expecting an answer. The question might be one that does not have an answer. It might also be one that has an obvious answer but you have asked the question to make a point, to persuade or for literary effect.

修辭疑問是指提出一個(gè)不需要答案的問題，這個(gè)問題本身可能沒有答案，或者可能有一個(gè)顯而易見的答案，但是通過問這個(gè)問題提出了觀點(diǎn)，達(dá)到說服或文學(xué)效果。

Example 例句：

??What is the meaning of life?

生活的意義是什么？

??Can we do better next time?

下次我們能做得更好嗎？

??How was it possible to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worth of note?

怎么可能在樹林里走了一個(gè)小時(shí)卻沒發(fā)現(xiàn)什么特別的東西呢？

14.?Antithesis 對(duì)偶

Antithesis means opposite and is used as a literary device to put two contrasting ideas together. This emphasizes the difference between the two ideas and adds interest to writing.

對(duì)偶意味著對(duì)立，是把兩種截然不同的觀點(diǎn)放在一起的文學(xué)手段，強(qiáng)調(diào)兩種觀點(diǎn)之間的區(qū)別并增加了文字的樂趣。

Example 例句：

??Snow White and the Wicked Witch in?Snow White

白雪公主和邪惡的巫婆

??“That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.” - Neil Armstrong

這一步我的一小步,卻是整個(gè)人類的一大步。

??"Love is an ideal thing, marriage a real thing." – Goethe

愛情是理想的，婚姻才是真實(shí)的。

15.?Paradox 悖論

A Paradox is a statement that may seem absurd or contradictory but yet can be true, or at least makes sense. Paradoxes are often contrary to what is commonly believed and so play an important part in furthering our understanding in literature and everyday life, or they can simply be an entertaining brain teaser.

悖論是一種看似荒謬或矛盾的陳述，但也可能是真實(shí)的，或者至少是有道理的。悖論往往與人們通常相信的相反，因此在促進(jìn)我們對(duì)文學(xué)和日常生活的理解中起著重要作用，或者也可能只是一個(gè)有趣的腦筋急轉(zhuǎn)彎。

Example 例句：

??The child is the father to the man.

兒童是成人之父。

??You can save money by spending it.

通過花錢來賺錢。

??Here are the rules: Ignore all rules.

我們的規(guī)則是忽略所有規(guī)則。

16.?Oxymoron?矛盾修飾法

Oxymorons are used for a variety of purposes. Sometimes they are used to create some sort of drama for the reader or listener, and sometimes they are used to make the person stop and think, whether it's to laugh or to ponder.

矛盾修飾法被用于各種用途，有時(shí)被用來為讀者或聽眾制造某種戲劇，有時(shí)用來讓人停下來思考，無論是引人發(fā)笑還是迷惘。

Example 例句：

??Great Depression, pretty ugly, painfully beautiful, etc.

大蕭條，非常丑陋，痛并美麗

??A little pain never hurt anyone.

一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)痛苦不會(huì)傷害到任何人。

??"A business that makes nothing but money is a poor business." - Henry Ford

只賺錢的行業(yè)是糟糕的行業(yè)。

17.?Rhetorical Repetition 重復(fù)

Repetition is a literary device that repeats the same words or phrases a few times to make an idea clearer. As a rhetorical device, it could be a word, a phrase or a full sentence or a poetical line repeated to emphasize its significance in the entire text.

重復(fù)是一種重復(fù)幾次相同的詞或短語，使一個(gè)理論變得更清楚的文學(xué)手段。它可以是一個(gè)詞、一個(gè)短語、一個(gè)完整的句子或一句詩，通過反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)凸顯它在整個(gè)文本中的意義。

Example 例句：

??It must be created by the blood and the work of all of us who believe in the future, who believe in man and his glorious man—made destiny.

必須通過相信未來、對(duì)人類充滿信心和愿意貢獻(xiàn)鮮血的人來創(chuàng)造命運(yùn)。

??"I want her to live. I want her to breathe. I want her to aerobicize.“ (Weird Science, 1985)

我要她活下去。我要她呼吸。我想讓她參加鍛煉。

??"She's safe, just like I promised. She's all set to marry Norrington, just like she promised. And you get to die for her, just like you promised.“ (Jack Sparrow, The Pirates of the Caribbean)

“她很安全，就像我答應(yīng)過的那樣。她已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好嫁給Norrington，就像她答應(yīng)的那樣。你會(huì)為她而死，就像你答應(yīng)過的那樣。”（加勒比海盜）

18.?Onomatopoeia 擬聲詞

Onomatopoeia in nature would be words imitating sounds in nature.

擬聲詞的本質(zhì)是模仿自然的聲音。

Example 例句：

??The grouse flutter as they take flight.

松雞鼓動(dòng)翅膀飛翔。

??Baa – sheep, arf – dogs, awoooooo - dogs and wolves.

咩-羊，汪-狗，嗚-狗和狼

??Leaves rustle in the wind.

樹葉在風(fēng)中沙沙作響。

19.?Alliteration?頭韻

Alliteration occurs when a series of words in a row (or close together) have the same first consonant sound. Aside from tongue twisters, alliteration is also used in poems, song lyrics, and even store or brand names.

頭韻發(fā)生在當(dāng)一行中的一系列單詞（或相近）有相同的第一個(gè)輔音。除了繞口令，頭韻也用在詩歌、歌詞、甚至商店或品牌名稱。

Example 例句：

??How and why he had come to Princeton, New Jersey is a story of struggle, success, and sadness.

他為何以及如何來到Princeton，New?Jersey是一個(gè)關(guān)于奮斗、成功和悲傷的故事。

??Kim’s kids kept kicking.

基姆的孩子不停地踢。

??Dunkin’ Donuts, PayPal, Best Buy, etc.

商店和品牌名字。

20.?Analogy 類比

An Analogy is a comparison of two things to show their similarities. Sometimes the things being compared are quite similar, but other times they could be very different. Nevertheless, an analogy explains one thing in terms of another to highlight the ways in which they are alike.

類比是兩種事物進(jìn)行比較以顯示它們的相似之處。有時(shí)被比較的東西會(huì)非常相似，但有時(shí)它們可能非常不同，類比用一個(gè)事物解釋了另一個(gè)事物的另一方面，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了它們的相似之處。

Example 例句：

??Finding a good man is like finding a needle in a haystack.

找到一個(gè)好男人就像大海撈針。

??Life is like a box of chocolates – you never know what you’re gonna get!

生活就像一盒巧克力，你永遠(yuǎn)不知道你會(huì)得到什么！

??"Writing a book of poetry is like dropping a rose petal down the Grand Canyon and waiting for the echo." - Don Marquis.

“寫一本詩集就像在大峽谷上拋下玫瑰花瓣等待回音”

21.?Symbolism 象征

Symbolism is the practice or art of using an object or a word to represent an abstract idea. An action, person, place, word, or object can all have a symbolic meaning. When an author wants to suggest a certain mood or emotion, he can also use symbolism to hint at it, rather than just blatantly saying it.

象征手法是指用一個(gè)物體或一個(gè)詞來代表抽象的概念，一個(gè)動(dòng)作、人、地點(diǎn)、一個(gè)單詞或事物都可以具有象征意義。當(dāng)一個(gè)作家想要表達(dá)某種心情或情緒時(shí)，他也可以用象征手法暗示，而不是直接說出來。

Example 例句：

??Black is used to represent death or evil.

黑色被用來代表死亡或邪惡。

??A chain can symbolize the coming together of two things.

鏈條象征著兩件事的結(jié)合。

??Roses stand for romance.

玫瑰代表浪漫。

以上，Vicky老師介紹的這21種修辭手法，希望大家都可以熟記并做到融會(huì)貫通。這樣就不用再擔(dān)心找不到作者的論證方法和依據(jù)，下筆的時(shí)候自然就有內(nèi)容了。