時下最火熱增長潛力最大的CS專業(yè)，你準(zhǔn)備好投奔了嗎？
美國計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)（CS）專業(yè)一直是美國留學(xué)熱門專業(yè)，對于國際學(xué)生來說，今后幾年內(nèi)，IT行業(yè)依然會提供最多的工作機(jī)會，CS就業(yè)情況依然會在眾多專業(yè)里獨(dú)占鰲頭。可以說：
高就業(yè)率 + 高薪資 + 發(fā)展前景廣 + 留美幾率大 = 大熱專業(yè) CS
根據(jù)CareerCast.com的一項(xiàng)最新研究表示：數(shù)據(jù)科學(xué)家和軟件工程師等計(jì)算機(jī)領(lǐng)域的工作在未來七年中增長潛力最大，同時：醫(yī)療保健等職業(yè)是另一個主要增長領(lǐng)域。
而來自rjmetrics.com的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)則顯示：2015年全球大約有19400位數(shù)據(jù)科學(xué)家。其中52%的人在過去六年中獲得了這一職位。
最近Linkedln的數(shù)據(jù)顯示：數(shù)據(jù)科學(xué)家有8916個空缺職位，軟件工程師有72800個空缺職位，物理治療師有74900個空缺職位。
麥肯錫發(fā)表了報(bào)告：“大數(shù)據(jù)：2018年就業(yè)市場預(yù)測”
“僅美國就面臨著14萬~19萬專業(yè)分析師職位的空缺；150萬基于大數(shù)據(jù)的分析師和管理人員的空缺。”
“為了應(yīng)對這種日益增長的需求，對該領(lǐng)域感興趣的人正在嘗試從大學(xué)獲得全新的數(shù)據(jù)科學(xué)學(xué)位，使用在線課程和培訓(xùn)計(jì)劃，參加Kaggle學(xué)術(shù)活動。Glassdoor的報(bào)道確定了數(shù)據(jù)科學(xué)家的平均工資為118700美元。”
在去年6月，美國有兩個計(jì)算機(jī)組織還發(fā)布了一封公開信：宣布每個部門有50萬個開放的計(jì)算機(jī)職位（包括制造業(yè)、銀行等各種行業(yè)），但事實(shí)是每年只有5萬名計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)的畢業(yè)生。
當(dāng)職位空缺和人才數(shù)量之間的供需不匹配時，市場就會進(jìn)行自我調(diào)整：除了顯而易見的高薪高酬，很多公司為了吸引雇員還會提供眾多的激勵措施，即使如此還是會出現(xiàn)相關(guān)領(lǐng)域求職者同時收到多份工作機(jī)會的情況。
未來十年將出現(xiàn)100萬個計(jì)算機(jī)工作崗位，而非員工
眾多美帝大學(xué)加大相關(guān)對計(jì)算機(jī)人才的需求的投入：
西北大學(xué)報(bào)名計(jì)算機(jī)入門課程的學(xué)生從40多人次增長到400多人，大學(xué)還計(jì)劃在未來5年將相關(guān)教師人數(shù)增加20名；
在華盛頓大學(xué)，最近微軟、亞馬遜、Zillow和其他公司共同捐贈并資助建立了一個9000萬美元的計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)和工程大樓；
作為計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)專業(yè)排名最高的大學(xué)之一，UC Berkeley電氣工程和計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)的本科人數(shù)已經(jīng)從1133名增長至2546名，據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)光是計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)專業(yè)學(xué)生人數(shù)從2011年到2015年就增長了95%。
根據(jù)美國勞工部的分類，CS的主要就業(yè)方向包括：
1.Computer and Information Research Scientists 計(jì)算機(jī)和信息研究科學(xué)家；
2.Computer Systems Analysts 計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)分析者；
3.Computer Programmers 編程員；
4.Software Developers, Applications 軟件開發(fā)者：應(yīng)用
5.Software Developers, Systems Software 軟件開發(fā)者：系統(tǒng)軟件；
6.Database Administrators 數(shù)據(jù)庫管理員；
7.Network and Computer Systems Administrators 網(wǎng)絡(luò)和計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)管理員；
8.Computer Support Specialists 計(jì)算機(jī)支持專家；
9.Information Security Analysts, Web Developers, and Computer Network Architects 信息安全分析家：網(wǎng)頁開發(fā)者和計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)；
10.Computer Occupations, All Other 計(jì)算機(jī)方面的其它職位
| 2018U.S.News美國大學(xué)計(jì)算機(jī)工程排名 | ||||
| 排名 | 學(xué)校 | 中文校名 | 學(xué)費(fèi) | GRE數(shù)學(xué)平均 |
| #1 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology | 麻省理工學(xué)院 | $48,140?per year | 166 |
| #2 | Carnegie Mellon University | 卡耐基梅隆大學(xué) | $43,000?per year | 166 |
| #2 | University of California—Berkeley | 加州大學(xué)伯克利分校 | $11,220?per year (in-state); $26,322per year (out-of-state) | 165 |
| #2 | University of Illinois—Urbana-Champaign | 伊利諾伊大學(xué)香檳分校 | $17,834?per year (in-state); $32,628per year (out-of-state) | 166 |
| #5 | Georgia Institute of Technology | 佐治亞理工學(xué)院 | $13,452?per year (in-state); $27,872per year (out-of-state) | 164 |
| #6 | University of Michigan—Ann Arbor | 密歇根大學(xué)安娜堡分校 | $24,444?per year (in-state); $45,974per year (out-of-state) | 166 |
| #7 | Cornell University | 康奈爾大學(xué) | $29,500?per year | 165 |
| #7 | University of Texas—Austin (Cockrell) | 德克薩斯大學(xué)奧斯汀分校 | $9,850?per year (in-state); $18,030?per year ?(out-of-state) | 165 |
| #9 | California Institute of Technology | 加州理工學(xué)院 | $45,846?per year | 169 |
| #9 | Princeton University | 普林斯頓大學(xué) | $45,320?per year | 167 |
| #9 | Purdue University—West Lafayette | 普渡大學(xué)西拉法葉分校 | $10,332?per year (in-state); $29,134per year (out-of-state) | 164 |
| #9 | University of Washington | 華盛頓大學(xué) | $16,917?per year (in-state); $30,153per year (out-of-state) | 163 |
| #9 | University of Wisconsin—Madison | 威斯康辛大學(xué)麥迪遜分校 | $11,942?per year (in-state); $25,269per year (out-of-state) | 164 |
| #14 | University of California—San Diego (Jacobs) | 加州大學(xué)圣地亞哥分校 | $11,220?per year (in-state); $26,322per year (out-of-state) | 166 |
| #14 | University of Southern California (Viterbi) | 南加州大學(xué) | $29,520?per year | 166 |
| #16 | Columbia University (Fu Foundation) | 哥倫比亞大學(xué) | $44,592?per year | 167 |
| #17 | Harvard University | 哈佛大學(xué) | $43,296?per year | 166 |
| #17 | Rice University (Brown) | 萊斯大學(xué) | $43,220?per year | 166 |
| #17 | Virginia Tech | 弗吉尼亞理工學(xué)院 | $14,532?per year (in-state); $27,644per year (out-of-state) | 162 |
| #21 | Ohio State University | 俄亥俄州立大學(xué) | $11,928?per year (in-state); $32,376per year (out-of-state) | 164 |
| #21 | Pennsylvania State University—University Park | 賓州州立大學(xué)帕克分校 | $21,294?per year (in-state); $35,650per year (out-of-state) | 163 |
| #21 | Texas A&M University—College Station | 德州農(nóng)工大學(xué) | $258?per credit (in-state); $681?per credit ?(out-of-state) | 164 |
| #24 | Duke University (Pratt) | 杜克大學(xué) | $52,925?per year | 164 |
| #24 | Johns Hopkins University (Whiting) | 約翰霍普金斯大學(xué) | $50,410?per year | 166 |
| #24 | Northwestern University (McCormick) | 西北大學(xué) | $50,424?per year | 166 |
| #24 | University of Minnesota—Twin Cities | 明尼蘇達(dá)大學(xué)雙城分校 | $16,240?per year (in-state); $25,120per year (out-of-state) | 164 |
| #29 | Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute | 倫斯勒理工學(xué)院 | $49,520?per year | 164 |
| #29 | University of California—Irvine (Samueli) | 加州大學(xué)爾灣分校 | $15,141?per year (in-state); $30,243per year (out-of-state) | 164 |
| #29 | University of Florida | 佛羅里達(dá)大學(xué) | $12,737?per year (in-state); $30,130per year (out-of-state) | 163 |
| #32 | Arizona State University (Fulton) | 亞利桑那州立大學(xué) | $10,810?per year (in-state); $28,186per year (out-of-state) | 162 |
| #32 | Brown University | 布朗大學(xué) | $50,224?per year | 165 |
| #32Tie | University of Colorado—Boulder | 科羅拉多大學(xué)博爾德分校 | $14,094?per year (in-state); $31,248per year (out-of-state) | 162 |
| #32Tie | University of Virginia | 弗吉尼亞大學(xué) | $15,678?per year (in-state); $25,578per year (out-of-state) | 164 |
| #36Tie | Boston University | 波士頓大學(xué) | $49,176?per year | 164 |
| #36Tie | Northeastern University | 東北大學(xué) | $1,471?per credit | 162 |
| #36 | University of Arizona | 亞利桑那大學(xué) | $11,372?per year (in-state); $30,124per year (out-of-state) | 162 |
| #36 | University of Massachusetts—Amherst | 馬薩諸塞大學(xué)阿默斯特分校 | $13,524?per year (in-state); $29,644per year (out-of-state) | 163 |
| #36 | Washington University in St. Louis | 圣路易斯華盛頓大學(xué) | $48,950?per year | 165 |
| #36 | Yale University | 耶魯大學(xué) | $39,800?per year | 168 |
| #43 | Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey—New Brunswick | 羅格斯大學(xué) | $16,536?per year (in-state); $28,128per year (out-of-state) | 163 |
| #43 | University of Notre Dame | 圣母大學(xué) | $49,050?per year | 163 |
| #43 | University of Pittsburgh (Swanson) | 匹茲堡大學(xué) | $24,962?per year (in-state); $41,222per year (out-of-state) | 162 |
| #46 | Dartmouth College (Thayer) | 達(dá)特茅斯學(xué)院 | $49,998?per year | 164 |
| #46 | Iowa State University | 愛荷華州立大學(xué) | $9,770?per year (in-state); $23,024?per year ?(out-of-state) | 167 |
| #46 | Washington State University | 華盛頓州立大學(xué) | $11,784?per year (in-state); $25,216per year (out-of-state) | 161 |
| #49 | Drexel University | 德雷塞爾大學(xué) | $1,192?per credit | 160 |
| #49 | Tufts University | 塔夫斯大學(xué) | $50,520?per year | 162 |
| #49 | University of California—Riverside (Bourns) | 加州大學(xué)河濱分校 | $11,220?per year (in-state); $26,322per year (out-of-state) | 162 |
| #49 | University of Tennessee—Knoxville (Tickle) | 田納西大學(xué) | $12,834?per year (in-state); $31,252per year (out-of-state) | 160 |
| #49 | University of Texas—Dallas (Jonsson) | 德克薩斯大學(xué)達(dá)拉斯分校 | $12,418?per year (in-state); $24,150per year (out-of-state) | 162 |
| #55 | Case Western Reserve University | 凱斯西儲大學(xué) | $42,576?per year | 164 |
| #55 | Clemson University | 克萊蒙森大學(xué) | $10,378?per year (in-state); $21,532per year (out-of-state) | 158 |
| #55 | Lehigh University (Rossin) | 里海大學(xué) | $1,420?per credit | 165 |
| #55 | Oregon State University | 俄勒岡州立大學(xué) | $14,130?per year (in-state); $23,769per year (out-of-state) | 160 |
| #55 | Stony Brook University—SUNY | 紐約州立大學(xué)石溪分校 | $10,870?per year (in-state); $22,210per year (out-of-state) | 165 |
| #55 | University at Buffalo—SUNY | 紐約州立大學(xué)水牛城分校 | $10,870?per year (in-state); $22,210per year (out-of-state) | 162 |
| #55 | University of California—Santa Cruz (Baskin) | 加州大學(xué)圣克魯茲分校 | $11,220?per year (in-state); $26,322per year (out-of-state) | 164 |
| #55 | University of Maryland—Baltimore County | 馬里蘭大學(xué)巴爾的摩分校 | $603?per credit (in-state); $997?per credit ?(out-of-state) | 157 |
| #55 | University of Utah | 猶他大學(xué) | $8,356?per year (in-state); $22,472?per year ?(out-of-state) | 161 |
| #64 | Colorado State University | 科羅拉多州立大學(xué) | $13,875?per year (in-state); $27,850per year (out-of-state) | 167 |
| #64 | Syracuse University | 雪城大學(xué) | $25,974?per year | 162 |
| #64 | University of Central Florida | 中佛羅里達(dá)大學(xué) | $370?per credit (in-state); $1,194?per credit ?(out-of-state) | 160 |
| #64 | University of Connecticut | 康涅狄格大學(xué) | $13,726?per year (in-state); $34,762per year (out-of-state) | 163 |
| #64 | University of Illinois—Chicago | 伊利諾伊大學(xué)芝加哥分校 | $15,620?per year (in-state); $27,860per year (out-of-state) | 160 |
| #64 | University of Texas—Arlington | 德克薩斯大學(xué)阿靈頓分校 | $7,180?per year (in-state); $16,002?per year ?(out-of-state) | 158 |
| #70 | Auburn University (Ginn) | 奧本大學(xué) | $9,072?per year (in-state); $27,216?per year ?(out-of-state) | 163 |
| #70 | George Washington University | 喬治華盛頓大學(xué) | $1,690?per credit | 163 |
| #70 | Kansas State University | 堪薩斯州立大學(xué) | $403?per credit (in-state); $910?per credit ?(out-of-state) | 162 |
| #70 | Southern Methodist University (Lyle) | 南衛(wèi)理公會大學(xué) | $1,165?per credit | 159 |
| #70 | University of Delaware | 特拉華大學(xué) | $1,720?per credit (in-state); $1,720?per credit ?(out-of-state) | 169 |
| #70 | University of Iowa | 愛荷華大學(xué) | $10,579?per year (in-state); $28,183per year (out-of-state) | 161 |
| #70 | University of New Mexico | 新墨西哥大學(xué) | $261?per credit (in-state); $880?per credit ?(out-of-state) | 145 |
| #77 | Colorado School of Mines | 科羅拉多礦業(yè)學(xué)院 | $15,690?per year (in-state); $34,020per year (out-of-state) | 160 |
| #77 | Missouri University of Science & Technology | 密蘇里科技大學(xué) | $9,288?per year (in-state); $25,766?per year ?(out-of-state) | 156 |
| #77 | Temple University | 天普大學(xué) | $995?per credit (in-state); $1,319?per credit ?(out-of-state) | 159 |
| #77 | University of Alabama | 阿拉巴馬大學(xué) | $10,470?per year (in-state); $26,950per year (out-of-state) | 160 |
| #77 | University of Cincinnati | 辛辛那提大學(xué) | $12,790?per year (in-state); $24,532per year (out-of-state) | 161 |
| #77 | University of Nebraska—Lincoln | 內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)林肯分校 | $411?per credit (in-state); $1,098?per credit ?(out-of-state) | 161 |
| #77 | University of Rhode Island | 羅德島大學(xué) | $11,796?per year (in-state); $24,206per year (out-of-state) | N/A |
| #77 | University of South Florida | 南佛羅里達(dá)大學(xué) | $10,428?per year (in-state); $21,126per year (out-of-state) | 158 |
| #77 | Worcester Polytechnic Institute | 伍斯特理工學(xué)院 | $25,344?per year | 164 |
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