2018 英特爾 ISEF 學(xué)科最佳作品摘要：地球與環(huán)境科學(xué) Best of Category Abstract: Earth and Environmental Sciences

獲獎(jiǎng)作品基本信息

年份	2018
學(xué)科	地球與環(huán)境科學(xué) EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
學(xué)校	Campolindo High School
國(guó)家/州	CA, United States of America

獲獎(jiǎng)作品名稱

Stop the Flame in Its Infancy! Multivariable Early-Warning System for Low-Cost Prevention of Wildfire Proliferation

獲獎(jiǎng)作品摘要

Every year, devastating wildfires cause substantial environmental and economic damage all around the world. In most cases, firefighters are unable to identify wildfires until the flames grow into uncontrollable blazes. A novel, low-cost system that uses multiple fire characteristics corrected for environmental variables was developed to detect wildfires at their earliest stage, allowing firefighters to combat flames before they grow into deadly infernos.

The present system consists of a dispersed network of devices that wirelessly communicate to provide comprehensive, real-time monitoring of the area. To evade false positives, multiple stages of verification are employed, using a variety of characteristics during detection (long-wave infrared thermal imaging, near infrared narrow-band imaging, smoke signature, and others). Last verification is performed by a dedicated artificial intelligence method. The most probable false positives were proved to not set off fire warnings due to the system’s multivariable verification algorithm. Spectral analysis was performed on various emission sources to identify unique spectral features used in the flame identification. Meteorological factors such as wind patterns, temperature and humidity variation, are compensated by an algorithm that compares real-time readings to a calibrated baseline.

The novel, affordable method of early wildfire detection provided by this unique system will allow firefighters to contain early wildfires. Furthermore, the present system can be used in conjunction with the existing NASA satellite network. Thus, the distributed system can save billions of dollars in fire damage and prevent future wildfire-related fatalities, all at a fraction of the cost of existing wildfire detection methods.

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ISEF 簡(jiǎn)介

英特爾國(guó)際科學(xué)與工程大獎(jiǎng)賽，簡(jiǎn)稱 "ISEF"，由美國(guó) Society for Science and the Public（科學(xué)和公共服務(wù)協(xié)會(huì)）主辦，英特爾公司冠名贊助，是全球規(guī)模最大、等級(jí)最高的中學(xué)生的科研科創(chuàng)賽事。ISEF 的學(xué)術(shù)活動(dòng)學(xué)科包括了所有數(shù)學(xué)、自然科學(xué)、工程的全部領(lǐng)域和部分社會(huì)科學(xué)。ISEF 素有全球青少年科學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)活動(dòng)的“世界杯”之美譽(yù)，旨在鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生團(tuán)隊(duì)協(xié)作，開拓創(chuàng)新，長(zhǎng)期專一深入地研究自己感興趣的課題。

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學(xué)科簡(jiǎn)介：地球與環(huán)境科學(xué)

Category: EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Studies of the environment and its effect on organisms/systems, including investigations of biological processes such as growth and life span, as well as studies of Earth systems and their evolution.

Subcategories:

Atmospheric Science?(AIR):?The study of the Earth's atmosphere, its processes, the effects other systems have on the atmosphere, and the effects of the atmosphere on these other systems as well as meteorological investigations.?Further investigation in this field relates to atmospheric chemistry, atmospheric physics, atmospheric changes (both long and short-term) that define average climates and their change over time, and upper layers of the atmosphere, where dissociation and ionization are important.

Climate Science?(CLI):?Studies of Earth’s climate, particularly evidential study of climate change over a period of time.? This field studies long-term trends in average meteorological conditions and changes in these averaged conditions from season to season, year to year, decade to decade.

Environmental Effects on Ecosystems?(ECS):?Studies of the impact of environmental changes (natural or as a result of human interaction) on ecosystems, including empirical pollution studies.

Geosciences?(GES):?Studies of Earth’s land processes, including mineralogy, plate tectonics, volcanism, and sedimentology.

Water Science?(WAT):?Studies of Earth’s water systems, including water resources, movement, distribution, and water quality.?This field includes the occurrence, movement, abundance, distribution, and quality of subsurface waters and related geologic aspects of surface waters. Furthermore, it projects may also address water from the moment of precipitation until it evaporates into the atmosphere or is discharged into the ocean; for example, river systems and the impacts of flooding.

Other?(OTH):?Studies that cannot be assigned to one of the above subcategories. If the project involves multiple subcategories, the principal subcategory should be chosen instead of Other.