Serial Dilutions Serial dilutions are created by taking a series of dilutions of a stock solution. The concentration decreases by the?same?quantity between each test tube They can either be ‘doubli...
Chromatography Chromatography is a technique that can be used to?separate a mixture?into its individual components Chromatography relies on?differences in the solubility?of the different chemicals ...
CIE IGCSE Biology: 復(fù)習(xí)筆記：1.1.2 Concept & Uses of Classification Systems How Organisms are Classified There are millions of species of organisms on Earth A species is defined as a gro...
CIE IGCSE Biology: 復(fù)習(xí)筆記：1.1.1 Characteristics of Living Organisms Characteristics of Living Organisms Movement: an action by an organism or part of an organism causing a change of posit...
Biochemical Tests: Proteins The Biuret test can be carried out quickly and easily in a lab to determine if a sample contains proteins Biuret ‘reagent’ contains an?alkali and copper (II) sulfate?whi...
Biochemical Tests: Lipids Identifying biological molecules Different?qualitative?reagents can be used to identfy the presence of biological molecules in samples Ethanol?is used to identify lipids B...
Biochemical Tests: Reducing Sugars & Starch Benedict’s solution?can be used to carry out a?semi-quantitative?test on a?reducing sugar solution?to determine the?concentration?of reducing sugar p...
Practical: Factors Affecting Membrane Structure & Permeability The?permeability?of?cell membranes?is affected by different?factors?or conditions, such as: Temperature Solvent concentration &nbs...
Practical: Investigating Water Potential Practical 1: Investigating water potential using potato cylinders It is possible to investigate the effects of immersing plant tissue in?solutions of differ...
