Esterification Esters?are compounds with an -COOR functional group and are characterised by their?sweet?and?fruity?smells They are prepared from the?condensation?reaction between a?carboxylic acid?...
Oxidation of Primary Alcohols The products of oxidation of?alcohols?depends on the class of?alcohols Here is a reminder of the three classes of alcohols: The three classes of alcohols Primary alcoh...
Combustion of Alcohols Alcohols react with oxygen in the air when ignited and undergo?complete combustion?to form carbon dioxide and water Alcohol + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water Complete combust...
Polymers Addition polymerisation Addition polymerisation?is one of the most important addition reactions of alkenes which form the basis of the plastic industry Addition polymerisation is the react...
Hydration of Alkenes When alkenes are treated with steam at?300?oC,?a pressure of?60 atmospheres?and?sulfuric acid (H2SO4)?or?phosphoric acid?(H3PO4)?catalyst, the water is added across the double ...
Hydrohalogenation of Alkenes Alkenes?will react readily with?hydrogen halides?such as?HCl?and?HBr?to produce?halogenoalkanes This reaction is known as?hydrohalogenation? It is also an?electrophilic...
Halogenation of Alkenes The reaction between?alkenes?and halogens is known as?halogenation It is an example of an?electrophilic?addition?where an electrophile ('electron seeker') joins onto to a do...
Hydrogenation of Alkenes Alkenes?are very useful compounds as they can undergo many types of reactions They can therefore be used as starting molecules when making new compounds The reaction betwee...
Reactivity of Alkenes Alkenes?are?hydrocarbons?containing a carbon-carbon double bond The atoms around the carbon-carbon double bond adopt a?planar arrangement?and the bond angle is 120o The bondin...
