CIE A Level Biology復(fù)習(xí)筆記13.1.2 Stages of Photosynthesis

Category: A-level課程, 教材筆記, 福利干貨 Date: 2022年8月10日下午6:02

The Two Stages of Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis occurs in two stages: the?light-dependent stage, which takes place in the?thylakoids, and the?light-independent stage, which takes place in the?stroma
During the?light-dependent?stage of photosynthesis:
- Reduced NADP?is produced when hydrogen ions combine with the?carrier molecule NADP?using electrons from the?photolysis?of water
- ATP?is produced (from ADP and Pi?by?ATP synthase?in a process called?photophosphorylation?(ADP + Pi?→ ATP)
- Photophosphorylation uses the?proton (H+) gradient?generated by the photolysis of water
- Energy from?ATP?and?hydrogen from reduced NADP?are passed from the light-dependent stage to the light-independent stage of photosynthesis
The energy and hydrogen are used during the?light-independent?reactions (known collectively as the?Calvin cycle) to produce complex organic molecules, including (but not limited to)?carbohydrates, such as:
- Starch?(for storage)
- Sucrose?(for translocation around the plant)
- Cellulose?(for making cell walls)

The-two-stages-of-photosynthesis

Photosynthesis occurs in two, closely-linked stages: the light-dependent stage, which takes place in the thylakoids, and the light-independent stage, which takes place in the stroma

Exam Tip

Remember, the whole purpose of the light-dependent reactions is to produce ATP and reduced NADP, which are then used to complete the process of photosynthesis through the light-independent reactions.

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