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【A-Level經(jīng)濟(jì)精講】供給的價(jià)格彈性（Price Elasticity of supply）

Category: A-level課程, 國際課程 Date: 2018年4月8日下午3:00

之前已經(jīng)給大家講解完了PED, XED和YED，接下來就來講解一下剩下的一個(gè)Price Elasticity of supply。PES的內(nèi)容和PED大同小異，也是需要對(duì)定義，基本內(nèi)容還有不同數(shù)值以及圖像做到理解并且熟練記憶，雖然在考試中它的戲份不如PED那么多，但因?yàn)楸容^相似，所以學(xué)習(xí)起來還是相對(duì)簡單的。

PES的定義

PES measures the responsiveness of quantity supplied when there is a change in the price.計(jì)算公式為：

% of change in quantity supplied / % of change in the price。這里也重新提一下Law of supply：

When price increases,

quantity supplied increases too;

When price decreases,

quantity supplied decreases too.

因?yàn)閮r(jià)格變化和供應(yīng)數(shù)量變化是同向的，

所以除了0，其他PES數(shù)值一定會(huì)是正數(shù)。

以下開始分類討論各個(gè)PES value。Change in price leads to more than proportionate change in quantity supplied1PES=∞, Perfectly Elastic
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Change in price will cause the quantity supplied to drop to zero.改變價(jià)格的話供應(yīng)數(shù)量將會(huì)變成0。

2∞>PES>1, Relative Elastic
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Increase in price will result in more than proportionate decrease in quantity supplied.Decrease in price will result in more than proportionate increase in quantity supplied.

價(jià)格上漲將會(huì)導(dǎo)致更大幅度的供應(yīng)數(shù)量下跌，

價(jià)格下跌將會(huì)導(dǎo)致更大幅度的供應(yīng)數(shù)量上漲。

Change in price leads to same percentage change in quantity supplied.1PES=1, Unitary Elastic

764799-450725f8e524578a0585024604b63d21 Increase in price will result in the same percentage decrease in quantity supplied.

注意，PED中的unitary elastic實(shí)際是-1，因?yàn)閿?shù)值都為負(fù)數(shù)所以省略了負(fù)號(hào)，PES的unitary elastic是+1，

它可以是任何一條通過P-S圖像原點(diǎn)的一次函數(shù)。

Change in price leads to less than proportionate change in quantity supplied.11>PES>0, Relatively Inelastic
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Increase in price will result in less than proportionate decrease in quantity supplied.Decrease in price will result in less than proportionate increase in quantity supplied.

價(jià)格上漲將會(huì)導(dǎo)致更小幅度的供應(yīng)數(shù)量下跌，

價(jià)格下跌將會(huì)導(dǎo)致更小幅度的供應(yīng)數(shù)量上漲。

2PES=0, Perfectly Inelastic
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