紐約時(shí)報(bào)STEM寫作競(jìng)賽新賽季開啟，用500字闡述你的議題

紐約時(shí)報(bào)STEM寫作學(xué)術(shù)活動(dòng)（New York Times STEM Writing Contest）是紐約時(shí)報(bào)舉辦的一系列學(xué)生寫作學(xué)術(shù)活動(dòng)之一。比賽要求學(xué)生找到一個(gè)感興趣的與STEM（理科、數(shù)學(xué)、工科、科學(xué)等科目）相關(guān)的問題、概念或議題，用500字或更少的字?jǐn)?shù)，向讀者解釋你的理解，讓我們明白為什么它很重要。

紐約時(shí)報(bào)系列比賽是全球?qū)懽鲗W(xué)術(shù)活動(dòng)中最受關(guān)注、含金量最高的比賽之一，你可以借助性影響力的《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》平臺(tái)，為全世界的讀者發(fā)表專題寫作，分享你的真知灼見，影響全球同齡人，同時(shí)，參與其中將對(duì)你的英語寫作水平及申請(qǐng)名校的學(xué)術(shù)背景有極大提升助力。

適合對(duì)象

全球11-19歲初高中學(xué)生，對(duì)STEM相關(guān)及科普寫作教育的學(xué)生們均可參加。

美國和英國13至19歲的學(xué)生，以及世界其他地方16至19歲的學(xué)生，可以自己提交參賽作品。

年齡較小的學(xué)生必須由老師或者家長代為提交。

賽事時(shí)間

2022年2月2日——3月9日（近期為最佳備賽時(shí)間）

參賽作品要求

文章不得超過500字，不包括標(biāo)題。

文章需為獨(dú)立原創(chuàng)作品，不得在其他地方投稿或發(fā)表過。

文章需為英文，注意寫作用詞文明。

每位學(xué)生僅可提交一份參賽作品。

文章需要包括三個(gè)要素：

1.能夠引起觀眾的注意，我們感興趣的主題；

2.有引用或?qū)χ黝}的診斷的研究，以提供背景信息和專家可信度；

3. 詳細(xì)說明你為什么認(rèn)為該主題很重要，人們會(huì)關(guān)心這個(gè)主題，它會(huì)影響誰或影響什么，為什么以及如何影響，它與該領(lǐng)域的更廣泛問題，當(dāng)今世界以及我們自己的生活有什么關(guān)系。

評(píng)審標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

成果獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)

Winners

Runners-Up

Honorable Mentions

入圍者的作品將在作者本人同意后，被發(fā)表在紐約時(shí)報(bào)學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)上 。

結(jié)果將于比賽結(jié)束后四到六周左右的時(shí)間發(fā)布。最終入圍者將收到郵件通知。

往屆優(yōu)秀作品

Sleep to Clean: A Prevention of Plaques That Lead to Alzheimer’s Disease
Our brain’s storage is like a teenager’s room — messy, cluttered and a fortress of personal memories. Scattered around are beloved belongings, such as your family heirloom or favorite cat, but imagine if suddenly these treasures disappeared, with only dust bunnies lying in their wake. Poof. Gone.
Despite seeming like deceptive magic, this is the blunt reality of an individual’s brain with Alzheimer’s, a daunting and currently incurable disease. With about 10 percent of people over the age of 65 diagnosed, it seems inevitable that it would affect individuals and families. But, what if this disease could be prevented through something simple — sufficient sleep?
Take a look inside the structure of a healthy brain. As they are created and destroyed, billions of neurons reside and correspond with each other through synapses. As new experiences feed into our brain every second, the synapses receive neurotransmitters that are responsible for the communication in our brain: seeing, thinking, remembering. However, in the brain of an Alzheimer’s patient, harmful proteins called amyloid-beta 42 block these synapses. Naturally produced by neurons, amyloid-beta proteins accumulate and lead to Alzheimer’s if not cleaned out fast enough by microglia cells, the cleaners for the brain. Over time, the rapid rate of amyloid-beta production causes the proteins to clump up into plaque. This unsettling change results in brain dysfunction; proteins like tau create neurofibrillary tangles that choke off the insides of neurons. Now, the once messy room is structurally and functionally destroyed by a hurricane. Looking to rapidly fix the chaos, microglia cells secrete inflammatory factors, resulting in prolonged inflammation and even the destruction of neurons.
In the past years, scientists began noticing a relationship between Alzheimer’s disease and sleep. Dr. Yo-El Ju evaluated patients in sleep apnea treatment. Following their successful treatment, she found that both the production and number of beta-amyloids had decreased. Laura Lewis, an assistant professor from Boston University who conducted a study on brain waves and sleep, said that the patients seemed “to have a change in their ability to clear proteins or waste products from their brain.” Hence, sleep has a vital role in the reduction of beta-amyloid plaques — the emerging signs of oncoming Alzheimer’s.
But, how come? In a separate study done by Dr. Maiken Nedergaard, it was discovered that the brain cleans waste two times faster when asleep. “So things like amyloid-beta, which are implicated in Alzheimer’s disease, seem to actually be removed more rapidly from the brain,” Dr. Lewis pointed out. Allowing microglia cells and other proteins to actively sweep out waste at much faster rates, sleep reshapes the untidy room in the brain, solidifying memories. With a healthy sleep routine, the fate of our brains could be deterred from Alzheimer’s disease.
There is still much to discover. As Dr. Lewis said, “I don’t know whether it’s that sleep increases clearance or whether sleep decreases the production of waste products.” Every step in the understanding of neurology can help uncover new preventions for Alzheimer’s, improving brain health for generations to come.

近期熱門國際學(xué)術(shù)活動(dòng)
01美國生物奧林匹克 USABO
02紐約時(shí)報(bào)秋季評(píng)論大賽
03全美經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)挑戰(zhàn)賽 NEC
04英國物理奧林匹克學(xué)術(shù)活動(dòng) BPhO
05國際腦科學(xué)大賽?BrainBee
06全球女性科創(chuàng)賽?Technovation
07美國高中生傳媒大賽
08美國計(jì)算機(jī)奧林匹克 USACO
09青年影響力大賽?YIC
10北美計(jì)算語言學(xué) NACLO

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