【英語翻譯】翻譯筆記之從政府工作報告中學(xué)翻譯

我的翻譯筆記之從政府工作報告中學(xué)翻譯

第十二屆全國人民代表大會第一次會議（指前面的大會，贅余，英文刪去不已）以來的五年，是我國發(fā)展進(jìn)程中極不平凡的五年。（去掉旁支，保留主干：“五年很不平凡”，其它的都是修飾成分。）面對極其錯綜復(fù)雜的國內(nèi)外形勢，以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央團(tuán)結(jié)帶領(lǐng)（雙動詞結(jié)構(gòu)，注意是否要刪去其中一個）全國各族人民砥礪前行，//(斷句)統(tǒng)籌（與后面的“總體”重復(fù)了，只譯其一）推進(jìn)“五位一體”總體（integrated）布局，協(xié)調(diào)(與“全面”重復(fù))推進(jìn)“四個全面”戰(zhàn)略布局（英文不譯范疇詞），（主干是我們前進(jìn)）改革開放和社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)全面（不是全面地而是全面的all fronts of）開創(chuàng)新局面(進(jìn)步advances)。黨的十九大（以黨做主語，而不是十九大）確立了習(xí)近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想的歷史地位，制定了決勝全面建成小康社會、奪取新時代中國特色社會主義偉大勝利的宏偉藍(lán)圖和行動綱領(lǐng)，//具有重大現(xiàn)實(shí)意義和深遠(yuǎn)歷史意義。各地區(qū)各部門不斷（副詞未必有必要譯）增強(qiáng)政治意識、大局意識、核心意識、看齊意識，//深入貫徹落實(shí)(雙動詞,意思一樣取其一)新發(fā)展理念(無主語句子,賓語做主語)，“十二五”規(guī)劃圓滿完成，“十三五”規(guī)劃順利實(shí)施，經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展取得歷史性成就、發(fā)生歷史性變革。解析：英文的思維方式與漢語不同。對照上下文，請仔細(xì)琢磨我接下來所說的話：中文思維是環(huán)境背景（理論）——做法（具體行為）——目的（想要得到的結(jié)果）；英文思維是目的——做法——背景。中文句子太長，分段，用句號隔開。

The five years since the first session of the 12th National People’s Congress (NPC) have been（現(xiàn)在完成時，一般來講時間做主語，時態(tài)都為完成時） a truly remarkable five years in the course of our country’s development. Facing an extremely complex environment both at home and abroad, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, has rallied（團(tuán)結(jié)）and led the Chinese people of all ethnic groups to forge ahead（砥礪前行）. We have moved forward with the Five-Sphere Integrated Plan* （五位一體）and the Four-pronged Comprehensive Strategy**, and （目的是）made new advances on（一個on把中文前后的成分顛倒了） all fronts of reform, opening-up, and socialist modernization. (注: The “Five-sphere Integrated Plan” is a plan to promote coordinated economic, political, cultural, of comprehensive moves to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, deepen reform, advance law-based governance, and strengthen Party self-governance.)

At its 19th National Congress, the Party established the position in history of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and mapped out an inspiring （形容詞沒有完全對應(yīng)著譯，要考慮到英文習(xí)慣搭配，意思大概符合“宏偉的”就好）blueprint and a program of action for （介詞指出邏輯）securing a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and for striving for the success of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era. This is of great immediate(現(xiàn)實(shí)) significance and far-reaching historical significance. All regions and all government departments have strengthened their consciousness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment. The new development philosophy(賓語做主語) has been （主動變被動）thoroughly（深入） acted upon, the 12th Five-Year Plan has been fully completed, and implementation(動詞變名詞) of the 13th Five-Year Plan has seen smooth progress.(順利實(shí)施) In economic and social development we (無主語句子添主語)have made historic achievements and seen historic change.

五年來，經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力躍上新臺階。國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值從54萬億元增加到82.7萬億元，年均增長7.1%，占世界經(jīng)濟(jì)比重（share）從11.4%提高到15%左右，對世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長貢獻(xiàn)率超過30%。財(cái)政收入從11.7萬億元增加到17.3萬億元。居民消費(fèi)價格年均上漲1.9%，保持較低（增長的）水平。城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)6600萬人以上，13億多人口的大國實(shí)現(xiàn)了比較充分就業(yè)。

Over the past five years, economic strength(實(shí)力) has reached a new high. China’s gross domestic product (GDP) has risen from 54 trillion to 82.7 trillion yuan, registering(顯示數(shù)字) average annual growth of 7.1 percent; and its share in the global economy has grown to roughly 15 percent, up from 11.4 percent. China’s contribution(說到貢獻(xiàn)就是褒義的，即對增長的貢獻(xiàn)，而不是下降的貢獻(xiàn)) to global growth has exceeded 30 percent. Government revenue（財(cái)政收入） has increased from 11.7 trillion to 17.3 trillion yuan. Consumer prices（居民消費(fèi)價格） rose at an average annual rate of 1.9 percent, maintaining a relatively low level of growth. More than 66 million new urban jobs have been added, and our country, with its population of over 1.3 billion, has achieved（實(shí)現(xiàn)） relatively full employment.（就業(yè)）

五年來，經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)出現(xiàn)重大變革。消費(fèi)貢獻(xiàn)率由54.9%提高到58.8%，服務(wù)業(yè)比重從45.3%上升到51.6%，成為經(jīng)濟(jì)增長主動力（結(jié)果ving）。高技術(shù)制造業(yè)（實(shí)現(xiàn)）年均增長11.7%。糧食生產(chǎn)能力達(dá)到1.2萬億斤。城鎮(zhèn)化（抽象名詞urbanization）率從52.6%提高到58.5%，8000多萬農(nóng)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移（到城鎮(zhèn)）人口成為城鎮(zhèn)居民（怎么成為城鎮(zhèn)居民）。

注意 數(shù)字的翻譯也很重要。

Over the past five years, the structure of the Chinese economy has seen a major(出現(xiàn)重大) transformation. With the share of the service sector（服務(wù)業(yè)占的消費(fèi)的比重） rising from 45.3 to 51.6 percent of the economy, consumption’s contribution to growth has increased from 54.9 to 58.8 percent, becoming（成為） the main driver of growth. High-tech manufacturing has achieved an average annual increase of 11.7 percent, and the annual grain yield（糧食生產(chǎn)） has reached 600 million metric tons（1公噸=2000斤）. China’s urbanization rate has risen from 52.6 to 58.5 percent, and more than 80 million people who have relocated（搬遷）from rural to urban areas have gained permanent urban residency.

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